Demographics of India
This article is about the people from India. For
other uses, see Indian (disambiguation).
Demographics of India
Population
1,236,344,631 (July 2014 est.)[1] (2nd)
Growth rate
1.51% (2009 est.) (93rd)
Birth rate
20.22 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)
Death rate
7.4 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)
Life expectancy
68.89 years (2009 est.)
• male
67.46 years (2009 est.)
• female
72.61 years (2009 est.)
Fertility rate
2.44 children born/woman (SRS 2011)
Infant mortality rate
44 deaths/1,000 live births (2011 est.)
Age structure
0–14 years
31.2% (male 190,075,426/female
172,799,553) (2009 est.)
15–64 years
63.6% (male 381,446,079/female
359,802,209) (2009 est.)
65 and over
5.3% (male 29,364,920/female 32,591,030)
(2009 est.)
Sex ratio
At birth
1.12 male(s)/female (2009 est.)
Under 15
1.10 male(s)/female (2009 est.)
15–64 years
1.06 male(s)/female (2009 est.)
65 and over
0.90 male(s)/female (2009 est.)
Nationality
Major ethnic
See Ethnic Groups of India
Language
Official
See Languages of India
Crude birth rate trends in India
(per 1000 people, national average)[2][3]
Infant mortality rate trends in India
(per 1000 births, under age 1, national
average)
The demographics of India are inclusive of
the second most populous country in the
world, with over 1.21 billion people (2011
census), more than a sixth of the world's
population. Already containing 17.5% of the
world's population, India is projected to be the
world's most populous country by 2025,
surpassing China, its population reaching 1.6
billion by 2050.[4][5] Its population growth
rate is 1.41%, ranking 102nd in the world in
2010.[6] The Indian population had reached
the billion mark by 2000.[citation needed]
India has more than 50% of its population
below the age of 25 and more than 65% below
the age of 35. It is expected that, in 2020, the
average age of an Indian will be 29 years,
compared to 37 for China and 48 for Japan;
and, by 2030, India's dependency ratio should
be just over 0.4.[7]
India has more than two thousand ethnic
groups,[8] and every major religion is
represented, as are four major families of
languages (Indo-European, Dravidian,
Austroasiatic and Tibeto-Burman languages)
as well as two language isolates (the Nihali
language[9] spoken in parts of Maharashtra
and the Burushaski language spoken in parts
of Jammu and Kashmir).
Further complexity is lent by the great
variation that occurs across this population on
social parameters such as income and
education. Only the continent of Africa
exceeds the linguistic, genetic and cultural
diversity of the nation of India.[10]
Salient features
India occupies 2.8% of the world's land area
but supports over 17.5% of the world's
population. At the 2001 census 72.2% of the
population[11] lived in about 638,000 villages
[12] and the remaining 27.8%[11] lived in
more than 5,100 towns and over 380 urban
agglomerations.[13]
India's population has exceeded that of the
entire continent of Africa by 200 million
people;[14] however, since Africa's population
growth is nearly double that of India, it is
expected to surpass both China and India by
2025.
Comparative demographics
Category
Global Ranking
Notes (Reference)
Area
7th
[15]
Population
2nd
[15]
Population growth rate
102nd of 212
in 2010[6]
Population density
(people per square kilometer of land area)
24th of 212
in 2010[6]
Male to Female ratio, at birth
12th of 214
in 2009[16]
List of States and Union territories by
demographics
Main article: List of States and Union
Territories by demographics
S.No.
Census Year
Population [17]
% Change [17]
1
1951
361,088,000
-----
2
1961
439,235,000
21.6
3
1971
548,160,000
24.8
4
1981
683,329,000
24.7
5
1991
846,387,888
23.9
6
2001
1,028,737,436
21.5
7
2011
1,210,193,422
17.6
Population distribution in India by states
Rank
State /
Union Territory
Type
Population
% [18]
Area [19]
(km²)
Density
(/km²)
Males
Females
Sex Ratio
[20]
Literacy
Rural [21]
Population
Urban [21]
Population
1
Uttar Pradesh
State
199,812,341
16.50
240,928
828
104,480,510
95,331,831
912
67.68
131,658,339
34,539,582
2
Maharashtra
State
121,455,333
9.28
307,713
365
58,243,056
54,131,277
929
82.34
55,777,647
41,100,980
3
Bihar
State
103,804,637
8.60
94,163
1,102
54,278,157
49,821,295
918
61.80
74,316,709
8,681,800
4
West Bengal
State
91,276,115
7.54
88,752
1,030
46,809,027
44,467,088
950
76.26
57,748,946
22,427,251
5
Madhya Pradesh
State
72,626,809
6.00
308,245
236
37,612,306
35,014,503
931
69.32
44,380,878
15,967,145
6
Tamil Nadu
State
72,147,030
5.96
130,058
555
36,137,975
36,009,055
996
80.09
34,921,681
27,483,998
7
Rajasthan
State
68,548,437
5.66
342,239
201
35,550,997
32,997,440
928
66.11
43,292,813
13,214,375
8
Karnataka
State
61,095,297
5.05
191,791
319
30,966,657
30,128,640
973
75.36
34,889,033
17,961,529
9
Gujarat
State
60,439,692
4.99
196,024
308
31,491,260
28,948,432
919
78.03
31,740,767
18,930,250
10
Andhra Pradesh
State
49,386,799
4.08
160,200
308
24,738,068
24,648,731
996
67.41
34,776,389
14,610,410
11
Odisha
State
41,974,218
3.47
155,707
269
21,212,136
20,762,082
979
72.87
31,287,422
5,517,238
12
Telangana
State
35,193,978
2.9
114,845
308
42,442,146
42,138,631
990
66.83
20,624,678
6,198,530
13
Kerala
State
33,406,061
2.76
38,863
859
16,027,412
17,378,649
1084
95.50
23,574,449
8,266,925
14
Jharkhand
State
32,988,134
2.72
79,714
414
16,930,315
16,057,819
948
66.41
20,952,088
5,993,741
15
Assam
State
31,205,576
2.58
78,438
397
15,939,443
15,266,133
958
72.19
23,216,288
3,439,240
16
Punjab
State
27,743,338
2.29
50,362
550
14,639,465
13,103,873
895
75.84
16,096,488
8,262,511
17
Chhattisgarh
State
25,545,198
2.11
135,191
189
12,832,895
12,712,303
991
70.28
16,648,056
4,185,747
18
Haryana
State
25,351,462
2.09
44,212
573
13,494,734
11,856,728
879
75.55
15,029,260
6,115,304
19
Delhi
UT
16,787,941
1.39
1484
11297
8,987,326
7,800,615
868
86.21
944,727
12,905,780
20
Jammu and Kashmir
State
12,541,302
1.04
222,236
56
6,640,662
5,900,640
889
67.16
7,627,062
2,516,638
21
Uttarakhand
State
10,086,292
0.83
53,483
189
5,137,773
4,948,519
963
78.82
6,310,275
2,179,074
22
Himachal Pradesh
State
6,864,602
0.57
55,673
123
3,481,873
3,382,729
972
82.80
5,482,319
595,581
23
Tripura
State
3,673,917
0.30
10,486
350
1,874,376
1,799,541
960
94.65
2,653,453
545,750
24
Meghalaya
State
2,966,889
0.25
22,429
132
1,491,832
1,475,057
989
74.43
1,864,711
454,111
25
Manipur
State
2,855,794
0.21
22,327
122
1,290,171
1,280,219
992
79.21
1,590,820
575,968
26
Nagaland
State
1,978,502
0.16
16,579
119
1,024,649
953,853
931
79.55
1,647,249
342,787
27
Goa
State
1,458,545
0.12
3,702
394
739,140
719,405
973
88.70
677,091
670,577
28
Arunachal Pradesh
State
1,383,727
0.11
83,743
17
713,912
669,815
938
65.38
870,087
227,881
29
Pondicherry
UT
1,247,953
0.10
479
2,598
612,511
635,442
1037
85.85
325,726
648,619
30
Mizoram
State
1,097,206
0.09
21,081
52
555,339
541,867
976
91.33
447,567
441,006
31
Chandigarh
UT
1,055,450
0.09
114
9,252
580,663
474,787
818
86.05
92,120
808,515
32
Sikkim
State
610,577
0.05
7,096
86
323,070
287,507
890
81.42
480,981
59,870
33
Andaman and Nicobar Isla
